Problem D: Forests
If a tree falls in the forest, and there's nobody there to hear, does it make a sound? This classic conundrum was coined by George Berkeley (1685-1753), the Bishop and influential Irish philosopher whose primary philosophical achievement is the advancement of what has come to be called
subjective idealism. He wrote a number of works, of which the most widely-read are
Treatise Concerning the Principles of Human Knowledge (1710) and
Three Dialogues between Hylas and Philonous (1713) (Philonous, the "lover of the mind," representing Berkeley himself).
A forest contains
T trees numbered from 1 to
T and
P people numbered from 1 to
P. Standard input consists of a line containing
T and
P followed by several lines, containing a pair of integers
i and
j, indicating that person
i has heard tree
j fall. People may have different opinions as to which trees, according to Berkeley, have made a sound. How many different opinions are represented in the input? Two people hold the same opinion only if they hear exactly the same set of trees. You may assume that
P < 100 and
T < 100.